ࡱ>  ]]bjbj 7b}c}c@+ ?????SSS8<$Sm0()))///////$O36H/Q?/??))'0 ?)?)/ / ) (c /=00m0 M6 LM6 M6?/ // m0M6 :   Fifteenth Warwick Symposium on Parish Research 2017 The Digital Parish - Abstracts Networking the Parish: Nanohistory and the visual mapping of All Saints/St. Peters Rushton, Northamptonshire Susan M. Cogan, Utah State University This paper investigates the potential of using new digital tools in the study of a post-Reformation English parish. Using the parish registers of All Saints/St. Peters Rushton in Northamptonshire and the Tresham account books, as a case study, this project examines what a new social networking platform, NanoHistory, might bring to the study of persecution, toleration, and coexistence at the smallest community level: the parish. The Rushton parish records provide a social biography of the parish, and a series of hand-drawn estate maps illuminate the spatial arrangement of the estate and the parish, including data on who lived near whom. As a historian experienced in analyzing social relationships at the county level, I am interested in expanding my analysis to the more granular level of the parish, to reveal how family relationships, friendships, and neighborliness functioned within the confines of the parish, and how those interactions shaped post-Reformation coexistence. One part of this case study examines the networks that existed within and between different parts of Sir Thomas Treshams Rushton estate, and how those networks intersected or overlapped other types of parish networks. For example, I am analyzing the geo-spatial and social relationships between Tresham tenants who sued their landlord in the late 1590s, to discern whether their proximity as neighbors or their social relationships, or both, determined the networks they inhabited. That information will also help to clarify how the networks of lesser-status individuals might have taken shape in a parish community networks that are usually hidden from view. Part of my role as the co-principal investigator (with Dr. Matthew Milner) of a network-mapping tool in development, NanoHistory, is to help evaluate the utility of the platform for real, everyday historical research. NanoHistory theorizes that the smallest historical interactions, or phenomena, can be compiled to create larger multidimensional representations of cultural phenomena, including social relationships, over time. It does so by mapping nanohistories day to day interactions and relationships and grouping them together to form complex networks that reflect the nuanced data of the past. In theory, NanoHistory should illuminate the small, granular connections that occur at the village and parish levels of a community connections that might not be visible without digital enhancement. But historically, whether it will hold up methodologically is unknown. Can the mapping of historical data, using a tool like NanoHistory, offer parish scholars anything new? Therefore, this paper will assess the degree to which the tool allows scholars a different view of the parish, of its individuals, and of post-Reformation English communities, than otherwise might be possible using traditional analogue methods. Seals, documents and books. Digitalizing parish and bishops archives of Cracow Archdiocese Artur Karpacz Jagiellonian University, Department of History (Krakw, Poland) Cracow archdiocese is one of the oldest dioceses in Poland. It was established by the Pope Sylvester II during the Congress in Gniezno in the year 1000. Since then, Cracow has become not only the capital of the diocese, but also the most important city in Kingdom of Poland, with the cathedral and royal castle located on Wawel Hill. The diocese has been extending its territory and the number of parishes significantly till the year 1772, when Austrians, Prussians and Russians invaded Poland, and divided its lands by themselves. Cracow diocese was split up into small parts, in which foreign countries established new religious administrations. After 100 years, Austro-Hungarian authorities in Galicia allowed for diocese reactivation, but in radically reduced borders (from c. 1000 parishes in 1772 to c. 200 churches in 1880). Finally, Cracow diocese was reformed in 1925 by Pope Pius XI, who transferred it into a metropolis. In 2013 I joined a Cultural Heritage Team that was created in 2009 at Pontifical University of John Paul II in Cracow. Thanks to subvention from Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the university has started an academic project Handicraft, fine arts and archives in Cracows archdiocese churches. Our role is to catalogue and digitalize all the equipment of parish churches in Cracow archdiocese, especially paintings, sculptures, handicrafts and archives. My responsibilities are to take care of different types of historic documents, e.g. seals matrixes, birth/death records, church inventories, visiting protocols, parish chronicles, renovations accounts and, last but not least, religious prints [a co to?] of early modern period. In my speech I would like to present some examples of the variety of documents that are kept in Cracows archdiocese parish churches. Then, I would tell something more about the next step of our project sharing digitalized materials online which will be available thanks to European Funds donated to the university as a part of Regional Operational Program for Lesser Poland in 2014-2020. Church court records and the early modern parish: a digital approach Charmian Mansell, Institute of Historical Research Over the last forty years, church court depositions have furnished us with rich and detailed information about the social and economic worlds of early modern people. Typically, this information is analysed qualitatively, sometimes presented as micro-histories, and broader trends about parish life, customs and practices can be difficult to access. My current research project explores the experiences of servants in early modern England and synthesises quantitative and qualitative approaches to using these records. The project has involved the creation of a meta-source database, containing details of each case and person recorded within the church court depositions of the dioceses of Gloucester and Exeter between 1550 and 1650. Within this meta-source, the servant populations recorded in the records can be isolated and studied as a sub-dataset. Alongside this, coding software NVivo allows qualitative analysis of depositional evidence. This paper demonstrates the opportunities that this approach to using church court depositions opens up in studying early modern parish life by exploring just one aspect of this dataset: the geographical worlds of early modern people. Recorded within the depositions is evidence of mobility between parishes, as well as mobility around the parish. The paper demonstrates the potential of NVivo to code and quantitatively analyse parochial spaces in which individuals were recorded, while patterns of mobility between parishes can be analysed using GIS software. More broadly, the paper highlights the importance of seeing parishes and communities not in isolation but in conjunction with and contrast to others, and promotes the value of using digital methodologies to systematically analyse church court evidence of early modern parochial life. Evidence of subletting in eighteenth-century England using GIS: a new methodological approach Josh Rhodes (University of Exeter) Many farmers in early modern England did not own all or any of the land that they cultivated. Rather, a significant proportion held their land as subtenants to customary tenants. Typically, subtenants paid market level rents, whereas customary tenants paid fixed or very low annual rents, thereby profiting from the difference in the market rent that their subtenant paid and the rent that they owed the manorial lord. For subtenants, this arrangement provided access to land with little requirement for capital or long-term cultivation. Evidence of subletting in the historical record is scant, as contracts between tenant and sub-tenant were often informal and perhaps oral. Manorial court books generally only recorded permanent transfers of customary property. Historians often use manorial documents to reconstruct the size of farms despite the fact that land owners did not always cultivate the land. Farm size data is used to chart the development of agrarian capitalism, the predominance of large, wage-labour employing, capitalist farms over small, family-run farms. Yet this overlooks the important role that subletting played in English agriculture in this period. This paper explores the potential of GIS to enable historians to pose (and answer) new questions about why subletting took place, and to consider these questions temporally and spatially. Manorial records (records of owners) are cross-referenced with poor rates (a tax on the occupiers of land) and linked to geo-referenced tithe maps to produce datasets on subletting activity spanning the eighteenth century. The process has been completed for two case-study parishes, Earls Colne in Essex and Puddletown in Dorset. The data show the importance of the location of particular parcels of land and how farmers sublet fields that were near or adjacent to their existing holdings. The datasets also have the potential to be linked with soil and terrain datasets to explore the impact of terrain, soil, and aspect on the size of farms and the likelihood that certain fields were sublet. While this approach enables us to re-evaluate the role of subtenancy, it also has implications for the representation and accessibility of parish records. In many respects, the Earls Colne website ( HYPERLINK "http://linux02.lib.cam.ac.uk/earlscolne//index.htm" http://linux02.lib.cam.ac.uk/earlscolne//index.htm) pioneered the linkage of parish documents through indices of people and land that were connected to a searchable map of Earls Colne. The datasets that form the core of the subtenancy database advance these links in terms of their analytical potential and their accessibility. Firstly, the datasets enable the records to be analysed in new ways over time and to be linked with other spatial datasets. Secondly, using software such as ArcGISs Story Maps, parish records can be visualised and accessed in new ways that firmly situates the information they contain within the spatial context of the parish. Quantifying the Unquantifiable? The potential and pitfalls in using the relational database for parish archives Rebecca Warren, University of Kent During the Civil War in the 1640s, the episcopalian Church of England was swept away and a series of attempts to establish a puritan national church were made. In the 1650s, during the Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell, much church administration was also reformed, including the way parish ministers were appointed. All new ministers had to be approved by the state before taking up their livings, and the formal registers of these approvals have survived. These registers have now been entered into an electronic relational database, which finally enables this unwieldy historical source to be analysed. This paper offers a practical exploration of the use of the relational database in capturing parish data, illustrating both the advantages and the pitfalls of translating apparently simple geographical and administrative information into electronic form. Looking at specific examples of individual appointments to parishes in the 1650s, it discusses the kinds of judgements that must be made and the problems that may be encountered, when transferring historical sources relating to English parishes into digital format. Person, Parish, Place: Writing a Database in Microsoft Access Hghlgh Winslade (Winchester) In 2016 I found myself changing the topic of my MRes dissertation from looking at church court deposition records from the late sixteenth century for evidence of religious tension between neighbours to looking at assize records and church wardens presentments from the early seventeenth century for evidence of recusancy. As I had limited time with which to get to grips with the new primary source material I decided that the best way forward would be to create a database in Microsoft Access. I had not previously used this program and had spent the previous 6 years as a MacHead writing in Word on a MacBookPro. In the beginning of creating this database the timeframe had not been whittled down to the seventeenth century so I began by imputing data from the Calendar of Assize Records Sussex Indictments Elizabeth I (HMSO 1975). However, once it was decided that I would focus on the seventeenth century I abandoned this initial table and worked on two further tables one with data from the Calendar of Assize Records Sussex Indictments James I and the other from Church Wardens Presentments relating to the seventeenth-century Archdeaconry of Chichester (ed. Hilda Johnstone, published as Sussex Record Society vol. 49, 1949). My PowerPoint presentation discusses the experience of building a database using MS Access without any prior knowledge of the program and some of the advantages and problems encountered. One advantage that came to light was that through the method of imputing historical data into a database I became familiar with the contents of the primary source material. Individuals stood out, such as William Dallam, a recusant from Midhurst, Sussex, an area with a large recusant population. William Dallam was hauled up not just for his recusancy but also on numerous occasions for illegally practising the offices of a priest. One of the problems that I encountered was the omission of place-names in a presentment. Lordington which is a hamlet within the downland parish of Racton is an example of the place of residency of the offender being recorded. Many places where not recorded and the parish being noted instead. This highlights the limitation of using such data in a database because in the case of the churchwardens presentments for the Archdeaconry of Chichester, the churchwardens and other church officials in the seventeenth-century were more concerned with recording the name of the parish from where the offender came rather than the actual place where they lived. A parish could be formed from several places but in recording the name of the parish the primary source material can actually distort the spatial reality of where exactly the person came from and care has to be taken to ensure that this distortion is recorded in the information in the database. Since I created this database I have started a new database for my PhD research based on the first abandoned table drawn from the Calendar of Assize Records Sussex Indictments Elizabeth I as I am now looking at how the spatial dynamics of the Weald and Downland affected the everyday lives and worship of Catholics in the later sixteenth century. Online database of parish book collections in XVIII c. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. StanisBaw Witecki, Jagiellonian University in Krakw I would like to present and discuss the online database of parish book collections in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in XVIII century. I launched my website in 2016 on the address  HYPERLINK "http://ksiegozbioryparafialne.omnino.com.pl/" http://ksiegozbioryparafialne.omnino.com.pl/. Database includes full information about libraries of 659 parishes, and 8978 books from four dioceses: Roman Catholic Diocese of PBock, Roman Catholic Diocese of Wilno, Roman Catholic Diocese of CheBm and Greek Catholic Diocese of CheBm. It also contains partial information about 411 parishes and 7992 books from Roman Catholic Diocese of Krakw. The first part of my paper would deal with the process of creating database. I would focus on historical method issues such as a classification of website as a source edition or the monograph deriving from the fact that it does not provide the source material. I would also share my experience and informatic tools I have developed to make the process of books identification faster and more effective. The second part of my paper would present usefulness of the database. 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